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BACTERICIDAL - Causing the death of bacteria. BACTERIOSTATIC - Inhibiting or retarding the growth of bacteria. Baseline: The temporal course of a patient's condition prior to the initiation of care, determined by a series of clinical evaluations performed during separate diagnostic sessions over a period of time. BELL'S PALSY - Paralysis of facial muscles (usually one side) due to cranial nerve #7, the facial nerve, being infected (viral) or compressed (inflammation). It is sometimes deemed to have no obvious cause. Bell’s palsy is more prevalent in the winter months and in pregnancy. Unless there is direct infection to the nerve, or caused by severe conditions like shingles, recovery is the rule regardless of what treatment is utilized. Bell’s palsy caused by shingles to the nerve has a higher rate of failure to fully recover, often leaving one with a partial paralysis. BENIGN - Not cancerous; does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body; Or, not of any deleterious consequence to one’s health, e.g. muscle soreness is a a benign side effect of exercise. BIODEGRADATION - The breakdown of organic materials into simple chemicals commonly found in the body. BIOPSY - Removal of a small portion of tissue, usually for the purpose of making a diagnosis. BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER - The barrier which exists between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid which prevents the passage of various substances from the bloodstream to the brain. BONE - The hard tissue that provides structural support to the body. It is primarily composed of hydroxyapatite crystals and collagen. Individual bones may be classed as long (femur), short (finger), or flat (scapula). BONE GRAFT - Bone which is harvested from one location in an individual and placed in another individual (allograft bone) or in a different location in the same individual (autogenous bone). BONE MARROW - The tissue contained within the internal cavities of the bones. A major function of this tissue is to produce red blood cells. BONE PLATE - Usually a relatively thin metal device which is affixed to bone via screws. Bone plates are used to immobilize bones or bone fragments so that healing can occur. BONE SCREW - A threaded metal device which is inserted into bone. The functions of bone screws are to immobilize bones or bone fragments or to affix other medical devices, such as metal bone plates, to bones. BPPV - Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo. Vertigo caused by calcific debris in the semicircular canals of the inner ear. BRADYCARDIA - Slowness of the heart rate. BRADYKINESIA - Slowness in movement. |
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